Fukuyama's Flip: A Lesson in the Unpredictability of Human Values Francis Fukuyama's 1989 essay on "The End of History" was a bold declaration of liberal democracy's triumph.
Thirty seven years later, he has changed his tune, and we're left wondering what this means for our understanding of human values.
Fukuyama's shift in perspective is reminiscent of the Star Trek reference that cemented his place in popular culture: Captain Kirk pondering whether humanity might eventually run out of history.